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Care Hope College

 

 

 

AP202 Lab       Chap 19

 

Instructor: Dr. Gesner Cesar

 

Name:_____________________________________

 

 

Please go to Evolve Elsevier –go to your Anatomy and Physiology bookàStudents Resources àChapter 19 à Mechanism of diseases,

 

Summarize briefly these topics and provide a short definition of the following subsequent important medical term or diseases.

 

I-Disorders Associated with Lymphatic Vessels

  1. Lymphedema
  2. Elephantiasis
  3. Lymphangitis,
  4. Necrosis
  5. Abscesses
  6. Septicemia

 

II-Disorders Associated with Lymph Nodes and Other Lymphatic Organs

 

III-Lymphoma Definition and difference between:

  1. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and
  2. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL

 

IV-Hypersensitivity of the Immune system

  1. Hypersensitivity Allergy
  2. Allergens
  3. Urticaria
  4. Anaphylactic shock.
  5. Antihistamines
  6. Contact dermatitis,
  7. Hypoallergenic

 

V-Autoimmunity

Autoimmune diseases Definition and 3 examples

 

 VI-Isoimmunity

  1. Isoimmunity
  2. erythroblastosis fetalis.
  3. Graves disease
  4. Myasthenia gravis.
  5. Tissue or organ transplants
  6. Rejection syndrome
  7. Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs)

 

VII-Difference Host-versus-graft rejection vs Graft-versus-host rejection

 

VIII-Immune deficiency

  1. Severe combined immune deficiency (SCID)
  2. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
  3. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  4. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumoniae
  5. Kaposi sarcoma
  6. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

 

 

IX-Immunity and Cancer

Tumor-specific antigens- Definition

Tumor markers definition and the association to type of cancers

(1) Carcinoibryonic antigen (CEA)

(2) Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP

(3) CA-125

(4) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

 

X-Complete the table of Examples of Autoimmune Diseases

 

DISEASE

 POSSIBLE SELF-ANTIGEN DESCRIPTION
Addison disease Surface antigens on adrenal cells  

 

 

 

 

 

 
Cardiomyopathy   Disease of cardiac muscle (i.e., the myocardium), resulting in loss of pumping efficiency (heart failure)
Diabetes mellitus (type 1) Pancreatic islet cells, insulin, insulin receptors  

 

 

 

 

 

 
Glomerulonephritis  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Disease of the filtration apparatus of the kidney (renal corpuscle), resulting in fluid and electrolyte imbalance and possibly total kidney failure and death
Graves disease (type of hyperthyroidism) TSH receptors on thyroid cells  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Hemolytic anemia  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Condition of low RBC count in the blood resulting from excessive destruction of mature RBCs (hemolysis)
Hypothyroidism Antigens in thyroid cells  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Multiple sclerosis (MS)  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Progressive degeneration of myelin sheaths, resulting in widespread impairment of nerve function (especially muscle control)
Myasthenia gravis Antigens at neuromuscular junction  

 

 

 

 

 

 
Pernicious anemia Antigens on parietal cells, intrinsic factor  

 

 

 

 

 
Reproductive infertility  

 

 

 

 

 Inability to produce offspring (in this case, resulting from destruction of gametes)
Rheumatic fever  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Rheumatic heart disease; inflammatory cardiac damage (especially to the endocardium/valves)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Collagen  

 

 

 
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) Numerous  

 

 

 

 

 
Ulcerative colitis  

 

 

 

 

 

 Chronic inflammatory disease of the colon characterized by watery diarrhea containing blood, mucus, and pus