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10 PointsOne of the most remarkable findings of Goleman’s marshmallow study was that

1. better students took the marshmallow more quickly.
2. those who delayed gratification tended to be shy later in life.
3. the results correlated to later SAT scores.
4. some four-year-olds did not like marshmallows.
5. most children waited about five minutes before eating the marshmallow.

10 PointsHow does Ernest Hilgard explain pain reduction through hypnosis?

1. Hypnosis is a result of a “serotonin storm” occurring in the nucleus accumbens of the brain.
2. Hypnosis increases dopamine levels in the body.
3. Hypnosis results in an altered state of consciousness that alters brain waves in regions of the brain responsible for the perception of pain.
4. Hypnotized individuals dissociate the experience so part of the mind is unaware of the pain.
5. People merely play the role of the hypnotized person and attempt to ignore the pain.

10 PointsThe ability of a drug to act as a hallucinogen involves an interaction with ________ at specific receptor sites.

1. norepinephrine
2. serotonin
3. melatonin
4. psilocybin
5. phencyclidine

10 PointsA person whose job is dirty, exhausting, and dangerous may be under severe stress because their ________ is constantly being activated.

1. parasympathetic nervous system
2. display rule
3. emergency response
4. emotional intelligence
5. reticular activating system

10 PointsThe explanation of human motivation proposed by Freud emphasized the importance of urges relating to

1. A and D are correct.
2. a sex drive.
3. a hierarch of needs.
4. a drive to be aggressive.
5. locus of control

10 PointsJack, compared to most other people, appears to need a high level of arousal. He enjoys doing potentially life-threatening hobbies such as sky diving, swimming with sharks, and bungee jumping from bridges. Jack is likely to be

1. mentally unstable.
2. a sensation seeker.
3. a show off.
4. unhealthy.
5. an adrenaline junkie.

10 Points“I think I’m afraid; therefore, I am afraid.” Name the theory of emotion that this statement characterizes.

1. the Cannon-Bard theory
2. the James-Lange theory
3. activation theory
4. two-factor theory
5. the Lazarian theory

10 PointsSalmon swimming upstream to spawn is an example of

1. motives.
2. instinct.
3. drives.
4. needs.
5. incentives.

10 Points________ believe that the unconscious is merely a collection of nonconscious processes produced in the brain.

1. Behaviorists
2. Humanistic psychologists
3. Psychoanalysts
4. Neuroscientists
5. Cognitive psychologists

10 PointsThe phenomenon by which a constant drug dose produces smaller effects with repeated administration is termed

1. tolerance.
2. physiological dependence.
3. activation-synthesis.
4. drug withdrawal.
5. psychological dependence.