Explain the pathological processes associated with the term “heart muscle died.”

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Mr. Smith was lifting a heavy piece of furniture when he experienced crushing pain in his chest, began sweating heavily, and was nauseated. His wife drove him to the hospital, where he was diagnosed with a myocardial infarction (MI, also called a heart attack) and given intravenous drugs to dissolve a clot that was obstructing a major coronary artery. After his hospitalization, Mr. Smith’s doctor told him that some of his heart muscle had died.

Explain the pathological processes associated with the term “heart muscle died.”

Discuss and contrast reversible and nonreversible cell injury. As per your analysis, what type of cell injury did Mr. Smith sustain and why? Include pathophysiological processes involved with cell injury.

 

Who are the key stakeholders in the development of the policy? Discuss their individual roles in policy development?

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Healthcare Programs

Research a local health policy issue that is a hot topic in your state. You can also contact a local county commissioner or state Congressional member in your state to gain insight on the issue or (you may also research local or state government websites or refer to the local news media).

On the basis of your research, answer the following:

  • Discuss the implications of the selected issue on the community as a whole.
  • Who all are affected by the policy?
  • Who are the key stakeholders in the development of the policy? Discuss their individual roles in policy development?
  • Explain the roles of those responsible for implementing the policy.
  • Does federal government play any role in the policy development process and its relationship in terms of funding? If yes, explain.
  • If the federal government is not involved in the policy development process and its relationship in terms of funding, should it be involved? Why or why not?

Research the policy demographics of CHIP in your state. Also examine the adequacy of the CHIP program in your state.

  • In your opinion, if Medicaid was meant to cover families living below the poverty line, then what is the purpose of CHIP?
  • Illustrate the differences and similarities between the two programs?
  • Every state has its own variation of CHIP. What does your state call the program?
  • Who all are covered in CHIP and what are the eligibility requirements?
  • In your state, if CHIP is meant to cover uninsured children, why are there so many uninsured families with children?

In many national healthcare systems, the providers of care are either subsidized or work directly for government-owned facilities. In the United States, the government-operated programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, contract with providers. The VA, on the other hand operates its own system of hospitals, clinics, and long-term care facilities. Medicare and Medicaid set the rules regarding which services are offered and the amount to be paid for those services.

  • Compare and contrast the VA Health System with Medicare and Medicaid. Describe in detail the similarities and differences.
  • What lessons can the programs learn from each other when looking at administration of services and programs offered by recipients? Discuss the implications in terms of access to care, controlling costs, and ensuring quality care.

Evaluate the main points of the articles, and relate them to your course and text readings.

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Political Challenges of the CHIP

On the basis of your understanding about CHIP, create a 2- to 3-page report in a Microsoft Word document on the political challenges regarding the CHIP.

Your report should be created using the following guidelines:

  • Review at least two articles on the given topic, and write a review for each article.
  • Evaluate the main points of the articles, and relate them to your course and text readings.
  • Compare and contrast each article reviewed. Which of these articles do you find more relevant from a professional point of view, and why?

[Note: Find at least two sources of information for the topic utilizing such resources as the South University Online Library journal databases (for example, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) or ProQuest) or reputable Internet resources. Do not use the text or the assigned articles for this assignment.]

Support your responses with examples.

Cite any sources in APA format.

Discuss any three risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases

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Discuss any three risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. For any one of these risk factors, discuss what you might include in an educational plan for your patient who has yet to develop heart disease. Make sure you adopt an integrated approach to assess your patient’s needs. Your focus here is on primary prevention.

For the statement “oligospermia due to efferent duct obstruction” the main term to reference in the Index is __________. [removed] a. oligospermia [removed] b. efferent [removed] c. duct [removed] d. obstruction

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QUESTION 1

1.    For the statement “ovarian androgen hormone hypersecretion” the main term to reference in the Index is __________.

[removed] a. ovarian
[removed] b. androgen
[removed] c. hormone
[removed] d. hypersecretion

 

QUESTION 2

1.    For the statement “oligospermia due to efferent duct obstruction” the main term to reference in the Index is __________.

[removed] a. oligospermia
[removed] b. efferent
[removed] c. duct
[removed] d. obstruction

 

QUESTION 3

1.    For the statement “acute antitubular basement membrane nephritis” the main term to reference in the Index is __________.

[removed] a. antitibular
[removed] b. basement
[removed] c. membrane
[removed] d. nephritis

QUESTION 4

1.    For the statement “adhesive shoulder joint capsulitis” the main term to reference in the Index is ___________.

[removed] a. adhesive
[removed] b. shoulder
[removed] c. joint
[removed] d. capsulitis

QUESTION 5

1.    Acute adenoviral follicular conjunctivitis is reported with code(s) _____________.

[removed] a. B30
[removed] b. B30.1
[removed] c. B30.1, H10.9
[removed] d. B30.9

 

QUESTION 6

1.    Viral endocarditis is reported with code(s) __________.

[removed] a. B33.21, I38
[removed] b. B33.24, I38
[removed] c. B33.24
[removed] d. B33.21

QUESTION 7

1.    Mast cell leukemia in remission is reported with code ___________.

[removed] a. C94.3
[removed] b. C94.30
[removed] c. C94.31
[removed] d. C94.32

QUESTION 8

1.    Evans syndrome is reported with code __________.

[removed] a. D69
[removed] b. D69.4
[removed] c. D69.41
[removed] d. D69.49

QUESTION 9

1.    Medullary hypoplasia is reported with code ___________.

[removed] a. D61.9
[removed] b. D61.1
[removed] c. D62
[removed] d. D63.8

QUESTION 10

1.    Tommy Jones was hospitalized, and the discharge diagnosis recorded for his case is meningitis due to Lyme disease.  The correct code(s) for this case is/are __________.

[removed] a. A69.20
[removed] b. A69.20, G03.9
[removed] c. G03.9
[removed] d. A69.21

QUESTION 11

1.    Malignant neoplasm of the tail of the pancreas is reported with code __________.

[removed] a. C24.9
[removed] b. C25
[removed] c. C25.2
[removed] d. C26.9

QUESTION 12

1.    Sally was admitted with a mass on her left ovary.  After work-up it was determined that the mass was a benign neoplasm.  The correct code for the principal diagnosis is __________.

[removed] a. R19.01
[removed] b. D26.0
[removed] c. D27.1
[removed] d. R19.00

QUESTION 13

1.    Tuberculosis cerebral arteritis is reported with code _____________.

[removed] a. I77.6
[removed] b. A18.89
[removed] c. M31.6
[removed] d. A18.85

QUESTION 14

1.    Scarlet fever with otitis media is reported with code __________.

[removed] a. A38.9
[removed] b. A38.1
[removed] c. A38.0
[removed] d. A38.8

1.    Tom Jones is being seen today by Dr. Smith for gonococcal tenosynovitis.  The correct code for this case is _____________.

[removed] a. A54.49
[removed] b. M65.9
[removed] c. A54.42
[removed] d. A54.4

QUESTION 16

1.    Tim Hill has been experiencing diarrhea for a number of weeks with weight loss.  Testing has determined that he has a beef tapeworm infection.  Code(s) ________________________ would be reported for this case.

[removed] a. R19.7
[removed] b. R19.7, B68.1
[removed] c. B68.1
[removed] d. B71.9

QUESTION 17

1.    The code used to report a benign neoplam of ureteric orifice of bladder is ____________.

[removed] a. D30.3
[removed] b. C67.6
[removed] c. C67.5
[removed] d. D30

QUESTION 18

1.    A benign neoplasm of the hepatic flexure is coded with code ____________.

[removed] a. C18.3
[removed] b. D12.3
[removed] c. D12
[removed] d. D12.9

QUESTION 19

1.    Janet is an 84 year old complaining of being tired and weak for the last week.  She drove herself to the emergency department.  The provided ordered blood work-up that revealed mast cell leukemia.  The diagnostic code to report for this encounter is _____________.

[removed] a. C94.32
[removed] b. C94.31
[removed] c. C94
[removed] d. C94.30

QUESTION 20

1.    Linda has been tired and complains of feeling weak for the last two to three months.  Blood work shows that she has folic acid deficiency anemia.  The code(s) for this case are _____________.

 

[removed] a. R53.1
[removed] b. R53.1, D52.9
[removed] c. D52.9
[removed] d. D52.0

How can the recipients of these programs be categorized into different risk pools? Explain.

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Private vs. Public Control

The major payers in private healthcare (other than government programs) are employers, and this has been true since the inception of health insurance programs. There are several reasons why this is so, but one of the main reasons is employees are a defined risk pool based on the work performed for the company. Healthcare insurance companies are able to predict the financial risk (as in an experience rating) taken by the type of employees. If, for instance, the work is dangerous or injury prone, such as direct care in a nursing facility, then the cost to insure that group would be higher than for employees working at a telecommunications office. Government healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, do not measure the cost of healthcare by the experience ratings.

Based on your understanding of the topic, answer the following:

  • Can programs like Medicare and Medicaid adopt such methods to defray costs? If yes, how would they implement such methods? If no, what suggestions would you make to defray costs?

Most of those receiving Medicare and Medicaid benefits are not employed.

  • How can the recipients of these programs be categorized into different risk pools? Explain.

The aging population is a force in healthcare continuing to have a dramatic effect on the direction of healthcare services. Many have discussed the aging population as the reason for the rising cost of healthcare. The pre- and baby-boomer generation (1946–65) were less knowledgeable and informed regarding the health risks and, therefore, engaged in risky behaviors that increased their susceptibility to chronic healthcare issues later in life.

  • What does that mean to the viability of Medicare and Medicaid?

Regardless of how many changes are made to Medicare to try to keep it solvent, aren’t the sheer numbers of eligible recipients versus the ever decreasing number of people paying into Medicare the real reason why Medicare will cease to exist in its present form?

  • Do you agree with this question? Why or why not?

The British national healthcare system owns many hospitals and directly employs workers. General practitioner salaries are set by the British government. The funding for healthcare services comes mostly from the government. This is significantly different from the US healthcare systems. Consider the issues with government healthcare programs in financing and administration.

  • Would the US be able to transit to the British style of national healthcare? Why or why not?
  • In comparison to the British system and US system, what would be some of the challenges the US would face in adopting a national healthcare system? Discuss at least three challenges.
  • Employer-sponsored healthcare benefits should be maintained or done away with in favor of a government sponsored healthcare program? Why or why not? Think through this situation as representing both an incentive and a hindrance. If it is a hindrance, then what is it hindering in the way of government-sponsored healthcare programs?

Identify the committee that you will present your research in front of. Also include the names of the committee members.

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Policy Advocacy Presentation

Select a health policy issue from the list below. Analyze the policy issue using the given criteria. Assume that you must advocate for or argue against the policy issue in front of a Congressional health committee.

Health Policy Issues

  • Child Nutrition and Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
  • CHIP
  • Veterans Healthcare Programs
  • PPACA
  • Universal Health Insurance
  • Aging and Chronic Care
  • Controlling the Costs of Medicare or Medicaid
  • Burden of Medicaid on State Budgets
  • Special Disease Topics: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), Cancer, or Alzheimer’s

Criteria for analyzing the policy issue

  • Identify the committee that you will present your research in front of. Also include the names of the committee members.
  • Research the policy issue using the most up to date sources.
  • Include background information on the issue, facts, your proposal, and arguments (pros and cons).
  • Be sure to address the political, financial, and economic issues related to the health policy.

Your research should provide answers to the following:

  • Discuss the specifics of who will be eligible and who will be responsible for providing services.
  • Discuss the impact of your proposal on recipients and providers of care. Include eligibility requirements for receiving benefits, application process, expected benefits, requirements for a provider to be eligible.
  • Identify the specific government health programs and organizations that are involved and analyze their role in the policy.
  • Examine budgetary issues such who will be responsible for funding: state, federal, or a combination of both.
  • In your closing argument (conclusion slide), make a final plea to Congress in pushing your agenda forward. Your argument should be compelling and grounded in facts.

In a Microsoft Word document, create a 4- to 5-page report on your research on the policy issue.

Also, create a PowerPoint presentation consisting of 15–20 slides to be presented in front of a Congressional health committee.

Instructions for creating the presentation

  • Each slide will have a brief explanation of not more than one or two paragraphs in the Notes section located below the slide.
  • Graphics, audio, and video should be used sparingly. Sources for graphics are usually placed at the bottom of the graphic.
  • Include a title slide in the presentation.
  • Body of the presentation will include one or two slides for an introduction, the subtopics of the presentation, and a conclusion (one or two slides).
  • Include a reference slide(s) in the presentation.

Note: Please add additional content in the Notes section.

Support your responses with examples.

Cite any sources in APA format.

Where does the government fall into this relationship; are they a provider, payer, or both? Lastly, how has this relationship changed over time.

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Typically, the three key players in the healthcare system are; the patients, the payers, and the providers.

In this discussion, analyze the relationship that the three have in regards to its impact on healthcare and healthcare delivery. Is there one player that is more united than the others and thus has a greater share of power?

Where does the government fall into this relationship; are they a provider, payer, or both? Lastly, how has this relationship changed over time.

150 words

What conclusions would you as a health administrator make about the relationship between physician and agency?

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Instructions

In Unit 3, you are to submit a paper based on the following article which can be found in Doc Sharing:

Ruling may up risk for ‘apparent authority.’ (2009). Healthcare Risk Management, 31(4), 43–44.

The article is about the Doctrine of Apparent Authority (or Apparent Agency, DAA), which is also discussed in Chapter 6 of your textbook.

After reading the article, compose a paper including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Discuss apparent authority, generally.
  • Include an understanding of risk management.
  • Discuss the relationship between physician and hospital (or other authority/agency).
  • What conclusions would you as a health administrator make about the relationship between physician and agency?
  • How can health administrators help the relationship be productive for both parties?

Requirements

Your submission must be written in a scholarly, well-flowing piece that reflects Master’s level work.

Include a title page, a reference page, and 12 pt. Times New Roman font.

Your paper should be a minimum of 3 pages in length, not including the title page and references.

All formatting and references should follow APA format. You may include additional references beyond those provided within the Assignment.

Visit the Kaplan Library for guidance on APA formatting.

Please be sure to download the file “Writing Center Resources” from Doc Sharing to assist you with meeting APA expectations for written assignments.