What is the major virus involved in the development of cervical cancer?

Herpes simplex virus type 6

Herpes simplex virus type 2

Human papillomavirus

Human immunodeficiency virus

Question 2

2 / 2 pts

Which statement accurately describes childhood asthma?

An obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation

A pulmonary disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest x-ray imaging

A pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein, producing viscous mucus that lines the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens

An obstructive airway disease characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency

Question 3

0 / 2 pts

The ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host is referred to as:

Infectivity

Toxigenicity

Pathogenicity

Virulence

Question 4

2 / 2 pts

Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:

Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling.

The metabolic rate of obese adults is slower than the rate of lean adults.

The rate of urine output of obese adults is higher than the rate of output of lean adults.

The thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively.

Question 5

2 / 2 pts

Continued therapy of pernicious anemia (PA) generally lasts how long?

6 to 8 weeks

8 to 12 months

Until the iron level is normal

The rest of one’s life

Question 6

2 / 2 pts

Which statement best describes cystic fibrosis?

Obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation

Respiratory disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest x-ray imaging

Pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein-producing viscous mucus that obstructs the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens

Pulmonary disorder characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency

Question 7

2 / 2 pts

What pulmonary defense mechanism propels a mucous blanket that entraps particles moving toward the oropharynx?

Nasal turbinates

Alveolar macrophages

Cilia

Irritant receptors on the nares

Question 8

2 / 2 pts

As stated in the Frank-Starling law, a direct relationship exists between the _____ of the blood in the heart at the end of diastole and the _____ of contraction during the next systole.

Pressure; force

Volume; strength

Viscosity; force

Viscosity; strength

Question 9

2 / 2 pts

The tonic neck reflex observed in a newborn should no longer be obtainable by:

2 years

1 year

10 months

5 months

Question 10

2 / 2 pts

Carcinoma refers to abnormal cell proliferation originating from which tissue origin?

Blood vessels

Epithelial cells

Connective tissue

Glandular tissue

Question 11

2 / 2 pts

Which of the following describes how the body compensates for anemia?

Increasing rate and depth of breathing

Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction

Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen

Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin

Question 12

2 / 2 pts

What term is used to describe a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst that contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the spinal cord through a defect in a posterior arch of a vertebra?

Encephalocele

Meningocele

Spina bifida occulta

Myelomeningocele

Question 13

2 / 2 pts

Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance?

Hypokalemia

Hyperkalemia

Hypocalcemia

Hypercalcemia

Question 14

2 / 2 pts

After sexual transmission of HIV, a person can be infected yet seronegative for how many months?

1 to 2

6 to 14

18 to 20

24 to 36

Question 15

2 / 2 pts

Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress response?

Norepinephrine

Epinephrine

Cortisol

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 16

2 / 2 pts

Which blood cells are the chief phagocytes involved in the early inflammation process?

Neutrophils

Monocytes

Eosinophils

Erythrocytes

Question 17

2 / 2 pts

Where are alveolar macrophages found?

Skin

Breasts

Gastrointestinal tract

Lungs

Question 18

2 / 2 pts

Which normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary system?

Decreased flow resistance

Fewer alveoli

Stiffening of the chest wall

Improved elastic recoil

Question 19

0 / 2 pts

An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) would likely exhibit which symptom?

Intermittent murmur

Lack of symptoms

Need for surgical repair

Triad of congenital defects

Question 20

2 / 2 pts

Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of which clotting factor?

V

VIII

IX

X

Question 21

2 / 2 pts

A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:

Hemolytic shock

Anaphylaxis

Necrotizing vasculitis

Systemic erythematosus

Question 22

2 / 2 pts

Which statement is true regarding pain and cancer?

Pain is primarily a result of pressure caused by the tumor.

Pain indicates the metastasis of a cancer.

Pain is usually the initial symptom of cancer.

Pain is generally associated with late-stage cancer.

Question 23

2 / 2 pts

What is the anomaly in which the soft bony component of the skull and much of the brain is missing?

Anencephaly

Myelodysplasia

Cranial meningocele

Hydrocephaly

Question 24

0 / 2 pts

At birth, which statement is true?

Systemic resistance and pulmonary resistance fall.

Gas exchange shifts from the placenta to the lung.

Systemic resistance falls and pulmonary resistance rises.

Systemic resistance and pulmonary resistance rise.

Question 25

2 / 2 pts

What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment?

Nausea

Fatigue

Hair loss

Weight loss

Question 26

0 / 2 pts

The common property among the three types of medications used to treat depression is that they:

Increase neurotransmitter levels within the synapse.

Increase neurotransmitter levels in the presynapse.

Decrease neurotransmitter levels in the postsynapse.

Decrease neurotransmitter levels within the synapse.

Question 27

0 / 2 pts

Prolonged high environmental temperatures that produce dehydration, decreased plasma volumes, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and tachycardia cause which disorder of temperature regulation?

Heat cramps

Heat stroke

Malignant hyperthermia

Heat exhaustion

Question 28

2 / 2 pts

Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung disease) involves inadequate motility of the colon caused by neural malformation of which nervous system?

Central

Parasympathetic

Sympathetic

Somatic

Question 29

2 / 2 pts

What type of fracture occurs at a site of a preexisting bone abnormality and is a result of a force that would not normally cause a fracture?

Idiopathic

Incomplete

Pathologic

Greenstick

Question 30

0 / 2 pts

What is the leading cause of infertility in women?

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Endometriosis

Salpingitis

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Question 31

2 / 2 pts

Alterations in which part of the brain are linked to hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders associated with schizophrenia?

Parietal lobe

Limbic system

Temporal lobe

Hypothalamus

.

Question 32

0 / 2 pts

What is the function of the mucus secreted by the Bartholin glands?

Enhancement of the motility of sperm

Lubrication of the urinary meatus and vestibule

Maintenance of an acid-base balance to discourage proliferation of pathogenic bacteria

Enhancement of the size of the penis during intercourse

Question 33

0 / 2 pts

People with gout are at high risk for which co-morbid condition?

Renal calculi

Joint trauma

Anemia

Hearing loss

Question 34

0 / 2 pts

The tear in a ligament is referred to as a:

Fracture

Strain

Disunion

Sprain

Question 35

0 / 2 pts

Regarding type 2 diabetes, obesity is considered to be what type of risk?

Genetic

Empirical

Relative

Modifiable

Question 36

0 / 2 pts

Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic parent when raised by nonalcoholic parents have what amount of an increased risk of developing alcoholism?

Twofold

Threefold

Fourfold

Tenfold

Question 37

2 / 2 pts

What causes the crystallization within the synovial fluid of the joint affected by gouty arthritis?

Reduced excretion of purines

Overproduction of uric acid

Increase in the glycosaminoglycan levels

Overproduction of proteoglycans

Question 38

0 / 2 pts

It is true that Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS):

Is preceded by a viral illness.

Involves a deficit in acetylcholine.

Results in asymmetric paralysis.

Is an outcome of HIV.

Question 39

2 / 2 pts

The failure of bones to ossify, resulting in soft bones and skeletal deformity, characterizes which disorder?

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Rickets

Osteochondrosis

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease

Question 40

2 / 2 pts

Which dietary lifestyle choice has been associated with a decreased risk for developing colon cancer?

Increased consumption of dairy produces

Increased consumption of foods containing vitamin C

Decreased consumption of foods high in fat

Decreased consumption of artificial food coloring

Question 41

2 / 2 pts

The sudden apparent arousal in which a child expresses intense fear or another strong emotion while still in a sleep state characterizes which sleep disorder?

Night terrors

Insomnia

Somnambulism

Enuresis

Question 42

2 / 2 pts

Which virus is a precursor for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer?

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Herpes simplex II virus (HSV)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Question 43

0 / 2 pts

What anchors articular cartilage to the underlying bone?

Sharpey fibers

Collagen fibers

Glycoproteins

Elastin fibers

Question 44

0 / 2 pts

Which gastric cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor?

Parietal

Chief

G

H

Question 45

2 / 2 pts

Which water-soluble vitamin is absorbed by passive diffusion?

Vitamin B6

Vitamin B1

Vitamin K

Folic acid

Question 46

2 / 2 pts

What is the first sign of puberty in girls?

Breast enlargement

Growth of pubic hair

Menstruation

Vaginal discharge

Question 47

2 / 2 pts

Pinkeye is characterized by inflammation of which structure?

Eyelids

Sebaceous glands

Meibomian glands

Conjunctiva

Question 48

2 / 2 pts

What syndrome, characterized by an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome, exhibits features that include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, and webbed neck?

Down

Cri du chat

Turner

Klinefelter

Question 49

2 / 2 pts

A criterion for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a period of excessive worrying that lasts for at least how many months?

3

6

9

12

Question 50

0 / 2 pts

Obesity acts as an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus by:

Reducing the amount of insulin the pancreas produces

Increasing the resistance to insulin by cells

Obstructing the outflow of insulin from the pancreas

Stimulating the liver to increase glucose production

Question 51

0 / 2 pts

Which clinical manifestations would be expected for a child who has complete trisomy of the twenty-first chromosome?

Widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair

An IQ of 25 to 70, low nasal bridge, protruding tongue, and flat, low-set ears

High-pitched voice, tall stature, gynecomastia, and an IQ of 60 to 90

Circumoral cyanosis, edema of the feet, short stature, and mental slowness

Question 52

0 / 2 pts

Where is the usual site of cervical dysplasia or cancer in situ?

Squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the cuboidal epithelium of the vagina.

Columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the uterus.

Squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the columnar epithelium of the uterus.

Columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the vagina.

Question 53

0 / 2 pts

How can glaucoma cause blindness?

Infection of the cornea

Pressure on the optic nerve

Opacity of the lens

Obstruction of the venous return from the retina

Question 54

0 / 2 pts

Parkinson disease is a degenerative disorder of the brain’s:

Hypothalamus

Anterior pituitary

Frontal lobe

Basal ganglia

Question 55

0 / 2 pts

Which pain theory proposes that a balance of impulses conducted from the spinal cord to the higher centers in the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the transmission of pain?

GCT

Pattern theory

Specificity theory

Neuromatrix theory

Question 56

0 / 2 pts

Where is oxytocin synthesized?

Hypothalamus

Paraventricular nuclei

Anterior pituitary

Posterior pituitary

Question 57

0 / 2 pts

An insufficient dietary intake of which vitamin can lead to rickets in children?

C

B12

B6

D

Question 58

2 / 2 pts

What term is used to identify the condition that exists when the urethral meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis?

Hypospadias

Epispadias

Hyperspadias

Chordee

Question 59

2 / 2 pts

The most critical aspect in ly diagnosing a seizure disorder and establishing its cause is:

Computed tomographic (CT) scan

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis

Skull x-ray studies

Health history

Question 60

0 / 2 pts

Transcription is best defined as a process by which:

DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on ribonucleic acid (RNA).

RNA directs the synthesis of polypeptides for protein synthesis.

RNA is synthesized from a DNA template.

A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence.

Question 61

0 / 2 pts

Which person is at the greatest risk for developing delirium?

An individual with diabetes celebrating a 70th birthday

A depressed Hispanic woman

An individual on the second day after hip replacement

A man diagnosed with schizophrenia

Question 62

2 / 2 pts

Which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty?

Inhibin

Leptin

Activin

Follistatin

Question 63

0 / 2 pts

Which type of diarrhea results from lactose intolerance?

Secretory

Motility

Osmotic

Small volume

Question 64

2 / 2 pts

An amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant women who:

Have a history of chronic illness

Have a family history of genetic disorders

Have experienced in vitro fertilization

Had a late menarche

Question 65

2 / 2 pts

Which characteristic is true of type II (white fast-motor) muscle fibers?

Slow contraction speed

Fast conduction velocities

Profuse capillary supply

Oxidative metabolism

Question 66

2 / 2 pts

The mucosal secretions of the cervix secrete which immunoglobulin?

IgA

IgE

IgG

IgM

Question 67

2 / 2 pts

Dilation of the ipsilateral pupil, following uncal herniation, is the result of pressure on which cranial nerve (CN)?

Optic (CN I)

Abducens (CN VI)

Oculomotor (CN III)

Trochlear (CN IV)

Question 68

0 / 2 pts

Which of the following is a lipid-soluble hormone?

Cortisol

Oxytocin

Epinephrine

Growth hormone

Question 69

2 / 2 pts

What is the first indication of nephrotic syndrome in children?

Periorbital edema

Scrotal or labial edema

Frothy urine

Ascites

Question 70

2 / 2 pts

The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women?

Ovarian

Lung

Uterine

Pancreatic

Question 71

0 / 2 pts

The data reporting that sickle cell disease affects approximately 1 in 600 American blacks is an example of which concept?

Incidence

Prevalence

Ratio

Risk

Question 72

2 / 2 pts

When a woman’s uterus is assessed as protruding through the entrance of the vagina to the hymen, which grade of prolapse does this indicate?

0

1

2

3

Question 73

2 / 2 pts

What is the term that denotes the duration of time or the intensity of pain that a person will endure before outwardly responding?

Tolerance

Perception

Threshold

Dominance

Question 74

2 / 2 pts

Clinical manifestations that include irregular or heavy bleeding, the passage of large clots, and the depletion of iron stores support which diagnosis?

Premenstrual syndrome

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Primary dysmenorrhea

Question 75

0 / 2 pts

What term describes the loss of the comprehension or production of language?

Agnosia

Aphasia

Akinesia

Dysphasia

Researchers have a responsibility to identify the limitations of a study. What is meant by limitation? Provide examples from one of the studies that you critiqued.

Information and technology skills are essential for safe patient care

Incorporate your essay to the answers to this questions. Thanks! 1. Explain why information and technology skills are essential for safe patient care. 2. Identify the baccalaureate nurses′ role in championing the use of information and technology to improve safety and patient outcomes. 3. Provide examples of how nurses use technology to make health care-related decisions. 4. Analyze relationship between the quality and integrity of data entered into a database and the resulting effect on the quality of patient care. Include a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources, and develop an APA- formatted reference page.

1.  What demographic variables were measured at the nominal level of measurement in the Oh et al. (2014) study? Provide a rationale for your answer.

2.   What statistics were calculated to describe body mass index (BMI) in  this study? Were these appropriate? Provide a rationale for your answer.

3.   Were the distributions of scores for BMI similar for the intervention  and control groups? Provide a rationale for your answer.

4.  Was there a significant difference in BMI between the intervention and control groups? Provide a rationale for your answer.

106

5.   Based on the sample size of N = 41, what frequency and percentage of  the sample smoked? What frequency and percentage of the sample were  non-drinkers (alcohol)? Show your calculations and round to the nearest  whole percent.

6.  What measurement method was used to measure the  bone mineral density (BMD) for the study participants? Discuss the  quality of this measurement method and document your response.

7.   What statistic was calculated to determine differences between the  intervention and control groups for the lumbar and femur neck BMDs? Were  the groups significantly different for BMDs?

8.  The researchers  stated that there were no significant differences in the baseline  characteristics of the intervention and control groups (see Table 2).  Are these groups heterogeneous or homogeneous at the beginning of the  study? Why is this important in testing the effectiveness of the  therapeutic lifestyle modification (TLM) program?

9.  Oh et al. (2014,  p. 296) stated that “the adherence rate to the TLM program was 99.6%.”  Discuss the importance of intervention adherence, and document your  response.

10.  Was the sample for this study adequately described? Provide a rationale for your answer.