Economics Homework Help

I’m working on a economics question and need an explanation to help me learn.

The Pareto efficiency is a simple idea, but it is difficult to achieve. Why is this? Provide an example from outside your textbook.

Describe perfect competition as it relates to health care economics. What are the key characteristics? Does perfect competition provide an advantage or disadvantage to the consumer? To the health care provider/organization? Provide an example of perfect competition within health care.