Explain the concept of azotemia (including prerenal, renal, and postrenal), causes, and diagnostic measures used to identify each.
Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”
Explain the concept of azotemia (including prerenal, renal, and postrenal), causes, and diagnostic measures used to identify each.
Explain the pathophysiological differences between prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal failure? Provide at least two examples of each scenario.
Spinal cord injuries carry a high risk of neurogenic bladder and reflex incontinence. Explain the mechanisms responsible for these disorders.
At least 300 words with at least one reference no older than 5 years and intext citation.