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1. 2. A 35-year-old woman has had dull pelvic pain for a year. A pelvic CT scan shows a cystic mass involving the left adnexa. She is found at laparotomy to have a well-circumscribed 5 cm cystic mass in the left ovary. On sectioning the mass is filled with yellow-tan greasy material along with hair and bone:

2. 3. A 20-year-old woman wants a 0.3 cm brown “mole” removed from her left arm. It has been there as long as she can remember and has not appreciably changed in size or color:

3. 4. A 71-year-old man has a stool positive for occult blood, and colonoscopy reveals a 6 cm encircling mass obstructing the descending colon. At laparotomy, a partial colonic resection is performed. Grossly and microscopically, this mass extends to the serosal fat, and several pericolic lymph nodes are enlarged:

4. 5. A 62-year-old man with a urinalysis revealing hematuria has cystoscopy performed, and an irregular erythematous area in the right dome is biopsied. Microscopically, there are atypical transitional epithelial cells extending throughout the full thickness of the epithelium, but not extending beneath the basement membrane: