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St Thomas University Determination of Death Essay
- Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA):
- How this law was created
- Legal definition of death, describe
- Define dying within context of faith, basic principle about human life
- Bioethical Analysis of Pain Management – Pain Relief
- What is the difference between Pain and suffering? Explain
- Diagnosis / Prognosis: define both.
- Ordinary / Extraordinary means of life support. Explain the bioethical analysis.
- Killing or allowing to die? Define both and explain which one is ethically correct and why?
- Catholic declaration on life and death; give a summary of this document: https://ecatholic-sites.s3.amazonaws.com/17766/documents/2018/11/CDLD.pdf (Links to an external site.)
- What is free and informed consent from the Catholic perspective?
- Define Proxi, Surrogate
- Explain:
- Advance Directives
- Living Will
- PoA / Durable PoA
- DNR
- Read and summarize ERD paragraphs #: 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 55, 59, 61, 62: 24. In compliance with federal law, a Catholic health care institution will make available to
patients information about their rights, under the laws of their state, to make an advance Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services, Sixth Edition
directive for their medical treatment. The institution, however, will not honor an advance
directive that is contrary to Catholic teaching. If the advance directive conflicts with
Catholic teaching, an explanation should be provided as to why the directive cannot be
honored.
25. Each person may identify in advance a representative to make health care decisions as his
or her surrogate in the event that the person loses the capacity to make health care
decisions. Decisions by the designated surrogate should be faithful to Catholic moral
principles and to the person’s intentions and values, or if the person’s intentions are
unknown, to the person’s best interests. In the event that an advance directive is not
executed, those who are in a position to know best the patient’s wishes—usually family
members and loved ones—should participate in the treatment decisions for the person who
has lost the capacity to make health care decisions.
26. The free and informed consent of the person or the person’s surrogate is required for
medical treatments and procedures, except in an emergency situation when consent cannot
be obtained and there is no indication that the patient would refuse consent to the
treatment.
27. Free and informed consent requires that the person or the person’s surrogate receive all
reasonable information about the essential nature of the proposed treatment and its
benefits; its risks, side-effects, consequences, and cost; and any reasonable and morally
legitimate alternatives, including no treatment at all. 28. Each person or the person’s surrogate should have access to medical and moral
information and counseling so as to be able to form his or her conscience. The free and
informed health care decision of the person or the person’s surrogate is to be followed so
long as it does not contradict Catholic principles. 55. Catholic health care institutions offering care to persons in danger of death from illness, Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services, Sixth Edition
accident, advanced age, or similar condition should provide them with appropriate
opportunities to prepare for death. Persons in danger of death should be provided with
whatever information is necessary to help them understand their condition and have the
opportunity to discuss their condition with their family members and care providers. They
should also be offered the appropriate medical information that would make it possible to
address the morally legitimate choices available to them. They should be provided the
spiritual support as well as the opportunity to receive the sacraments in order to prepare
well for death. 59. The free and informed judgment made by a competent adult patient concerning the use or
withdrawal of life-sustaining procedures should always be respected and normally
complied with, unless it is contrary to Catholic moral teaching. 61. Patients should be kept as free of pain as possible so that they may die comfortably and Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services, Sixth Edition
with dignity, and in the place where they wish to die. Since a person has the right to
prepare for his or her death while fully conscious, he or she should not be deprived of
consciousness without a compelling reason. Medicines capable of alleviating or suppressing
pain may be given to a dying person, even if this therapy may indirectly shorten the person’s
life so long as the intent is not to hasten death. Patients experiencing suffering that cannot
be alleviated should be helped to appreciate the Christian understanding of redemptive
suffering. 62. The determination of death should be made by the physician or competent medical
authority in accordance with responsible and commonly accepted scientific criteria.
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