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3. Planes of Movement


Design a resource that illustrates joint movements and the anatomical plane in which each movement occurs. Be sure to include some examples of joints that can perform each movement.

A. General movements:

• Flexion/extension 

• Adduction/abduction 

• Internal/External rotation 

• Circumduction 


B. Specific joint movements

• Foot: plantar/dorsiflexion, inversion/eversion, pronation/supination
• Hand: opposition 

• Forearm: pronation/supination 

• Scapula: protraction/retraction, elevation/depression, rotation 

• Trunk: lateral flexion or side bending 

• Shoulder: flexion/extension, horizontal abduction/adductio