Health Medical Homework Help

Below I have 2 posts please provide a response for both. 150 words each with reference.

Part 1

Your response to your peers by extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts.

Patient Interview

The primary method of gathering thorough patient information to offer successful patient-centered care is through a patient interview, and the pharmacist’s competence is in the medication’s history aspect (Hewitt, 2021). A methodical approach is generally utilized to gather information about the patient, starting with finding the client’s primary complaint, also referred to as the purpose for the medical consultation, and then progressing into an examination of the patient’s particular complaint and problem. A thorough patient interview entails inquiring about the person’s medical, medication, socioeconomic, personal, and family medical history, as well as reviewing systems and potentially doing a physical examination.

Goals of a Patient Interview

The patient attends the interview expecting relief mostly from the discomfort and ambiguities of sickness, while the clinician actively performs the interview to explain the patient’s issues and develop therapeutic and diagnostic strategies to assist the patient. All regular medical interviews aim to diagnose and establish a therapeutic connection between the patient and the practitioner (Hartley, 2020). Signs (objective, such as physical and mental state exams) and symptoms are used to make a diagnosis. Past psychiatric and medical histories, personal history (covering background, family life, psychosexual development, educational and professional experience, and personal relationships), and family history should be included in a comprehensive examination.

The patient’s confidence and faith in the physician are required for the establishment of a therapeutic relationship. A therapeutic connection is told to diagnose the patient by description. Furthermore, a reliable connection is required to get a comprehensive patient history, which is required for an efficient diagnosis and proper treatment strategy.

Components of Patient History

The patient’s history consists of four components: main complaint, history of present illness (HPI), review of systems (ROS), and previous, family, and social history (PFSH) (Marting, 2018). The primary complaint should be documented to describe the cause of the interaction. The HPI should include the issue’s location/site(s), quality, intensity, duration, timing, situation, modifying aspects, and related signs and symptoms. Constitution, eyes, nose, mouth, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, gastrointestinal, neurologic, genitourinary, integumentary, mental, endocrine, immunologic, and “all others negative” ROS are included. Documentation of previous medical records, family history, and social background is included in the prior health, familial, and social background. The number of entries recorded for each component calculates the quality of the history conducted.

An Incident Where I Had Used Improper Technique on Measuring Blood Pressure and the Lesson I Learnt

When I measured a patient’s blood pressure, I once used an improperly sized cuff. I utilized an incorrectly sized blood pressure cuff, which resulted in artificially low results. I subsequently discovered that the cuff was too big, so I phoned the patient, advised him of my error, and invited him to return to the clinic so that we could correctly test his blood pressure. I discovered that choosing a cuff that spans two-thirds of the space between your patient’s shoulder and elbow is the best practical method to quickly and accurately fit a BP cuff. Having at least three cuff sizes (large adult, average adult and pediatric) will accommodate most adults. If you often treat pediatric patients, you will need a variety of smaller sizes.

A Barrier When You Had Assess a Patient from a Different Culture

In the medical field, I come into contact with patients of all nationalities and ethnicities. The most crucial hurdle I encountered was one of language. During the interviews, cultural differences and linguistic difficulties significantly impede patient relationships. During a care interaction, doctors are expected to accomplish three main goals: create a favorable relationship with the patient, identify what could be troubling the patient, and select the appropriate therapy for that condition. However, cultural obstacles might obstruct those objectives.

Conclusion

A thorough patient interview is essential for providing excellent and precise patient care. Learning and applying communication skills and strategies will allow for respectful patient contact and the chance to learn about the patient’s concerns, making your assessment, strategy, and approach uniquely patient-centered. However, during the interviews, one may face difficulties such as cultural and linguistic problems, making it challenging to perform the interviews.

References

Hartley, S., Raphael, J., Lovell, K., & Berry, K. (2020). Effective nurse–patient relationships in mental health care: A systematic review of interventions to improve the therapeutic alliance. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 102, 103490.

Hewitt, P. L., Chen, C., Smith, M. M., Zhang, L., Habke, M., Flett, G. L., & Mikail, S. F. (2021). Patient perfectionism and clinician impression formation during an initial interview. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, research and practice, 94(1), 45-62.

Marting, R. (2018). 99213 or 99214? Three tips for navigating the coding conundrum. Family practice management, 25(4), 5-10.

Part 2

Your response to your peers by extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts.

Patient Interview

The goal of a patient interview is to clarify the problems of the patient. Another purpose of patient interviews is to form a therapeutic relationship between a nurse and a patent. It is through the patient interview that physicians derive therapeutic and diagnostic plans for the benefit of the patient. Besides, the patient interview is conducted to collect patient information (Hewitt et al., 2021). All phases of the nursing process follow after patient information is gathered during the interview. From the interview, a nurse or physician can determine if drug therapy problems exist.

Components of patient history include chief complaint, history of present illness (HPI), review of systems (ROS), and past, family, and social history. In the chief complaint element, a nurse can document the reasons for the encounter such as problems, symptoms, condition, and diagnostic. During interviews for the history of present illness, a healthcare professional can indicate the location, severity, timing, duration, context, and other modifying factors associated with the symptoms and signs of the health condition.

Patient interviews involve asking questions that would help to review the body systems of the patient. In the ROS component, assessment of eyes, ears, throat, mouth, respiratory, cardiovascular, genitourinary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, neurologic, endocrine, allergy, and psychiatric is done (Hewitt et al., 2021). The last element of the patient interview involves evaluation of past family, medical, and social history to know any injuries, treatments, illnesses, medical events, heredity, marital status, sexual history, and habits that may affect the health of the patient (Hewitt et al., 2021).

There is a time I used the wrong technique to measure the blood pressure of a patient. In the incident, I used my finger to feel the pulse which matches with the heartbeat. I placed my index and middle finger on the patient’s hand. I listened to the pulse against my finger and I counted the taps in 10 seconds. Then, I multiplied the number by 6 to know the heart rate for a minute. From the experience, I learned that the method I used was not accurate. Also, patients and healthcare providers should be warned against using fingers and other defective devices to measure blood pressure (Pandit et al., 2020). When one wants to be accurate in measuring blood pressure, one should, by all means, avoid finger and wrist monitors. It is recommended to use Omron platinum, Lazle JPD-HA101, or greater goods BP monitor. With the use of the devices, it is advisable to take the blood pressure from the left arm for right-handed people and use the right arm for the left-handed people.

While offering services to a patient of a different culture, I encountered personal barriers that include worry, anxiety, and lack of confidence and preparedness. There was also work dissatisfaction and overload that made it challenging to deliver the best care to the patients. I would have had high confidence and be fully prepared if I would have learned the beliefs and health practices of the patients’ culture. There was also a language barrier that inhibited effective therapeutic communication (Amoah et al., 2019). The healthcare organization employed a translator to make the communication and effective. Besides, the patient was in much pain and would not effectively respond to all questions asked during the patient interview.

References

Amoah, V. M. K., Anokye, R., Boakye, D. S., Acheampong, E., Budu-Ainooson, A., Okyere, E., … & Afriyie, J. O. (2019). A qualitative assessment of perceived barriers to effective therapeutic communication among nurses and patients. BMC nursing, 18(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-019-0328-0 (Links to an external site.)

Hewitt, P. L., Chen, C., Smith, M. M., Zhang, L., Habke, M., Flett, G. L., & Mikail, S. F. (2021). Patient perfectionism and clinician impression formation during an initial interview. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, research and practice, 94(1), 45-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12266 (Links to an external site.)

Pandit, J. A., Lores, E., & Batlle, D. (2020). Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring: Promises and Challenges. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 15(10), 1531-1538. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03680320