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Question 15

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“Capital punishment is morally wrong because it turns all the state’s citizens into killers.”

To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing?

• Kantian deontology
• Conventionalism
• Virtue-based ethics
• Utilitarianism

Question 14

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Ogo always gets pepperoni and black olives on his pizza.

How might a virtue-based ethicist classify this action?

• Supererogatory
• Obligatory
• Neutral
• Impermissible

Question 13

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Which of the following statements displays the speaker’s unfair bias?

• “I’m voting for Measure 5642 because it will balance the city’s budget.”
• “I’m voting for Measure 5642 because it will give my family a tax break.”
• “I’m voting for Measure 5642 because it will create new jobs.”
• “I’m voting for Measure 5642 because it will improve our schools.”

Question 12

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Which of the following critiques represents a challenge to virtue-based ethics?

• Some virtues that are lacking can be hard to develop.
• The agent’s moral character isn’t properly emphasized.
• Effects the agent couldn’t have anticipated impact his or her guilt.
• Mass chaos would ensue since everyone only cares about him or herself.

Question 11

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“Eating pork is morally wrong because the Torah forbids it.”

To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing?

• Kantian deontology
• Conventionalism
• Divine command theory
• Virtue-based ethics

Question 10

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Renae has three brothers. Over the course of a weekend, she observed them in different situations with the new neighbors. Her oldest brother, Nick, stepped in front of her when the neighbors’ large dog got loose and started running toward her. Her middle brother, Joe, loudly threatened the neighbors as to what would happen if they did not keep their dog chained up. Her younger brother, Scott, retreated into the house when all the shouting occurred.

How might a virtue-based ethicist evaluate Nick’s action?

• The action revealed that Nick has the vice of aggressiveness.
• The action revealed that Nick acted without thinking.
• The action did not reveal a positive or negative trait.
• The action revealed that Nick has the virtue of courage.

Question 9

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Stephanie volunteers at an organization that collects and distributes clothing to those in need.

As she is packing boxes to send overseas, she finds a donated item of clothing that perfectly suits her sense of style and would be a versatile item to add to her own wardrobe. Stephanie sets the item aside to take home with her.

According to virtue-based ethics, why is Stephanie’s action unethical?

• She is not following the instructions she was given.
• Her action will deprive needy recipients of clothing.
• Her action cultivates the vice of greed.
• Stealing is always wrong.

Question 8

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Select the basis for moral value used by character ethics.

• The ultimate effects of an action
• The individual trait being demonstrated by an action
• The adherence of an action to divine authority
• The inherent value of an action based upon intent

Question 7

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Which of the following people would be most satisfied with virtue-based ethics?

• Abner is looking for an ethical system that is about more than just doing good.
• Adelaide is looking for an ethical system that evaluates actions based on their effects.
• Abby is looking for an ethical system that is based in cultural norms.
• Andrew is looking for an ethical system that puts his own development first.

Question 6

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Choose the true statement about virtue-based ethics.

• According to the principles of virtue-based ethics, people can be judged by the consequences of their actions.
• According to the principles of virtue-based ethics, actions are judged against the greater good.
• According to the principles of virtue-based ethics, actions are less important than the agent’s moral character.
• According to the principles of virtue-based ethics, only the actor’s intent is considered when assigning moral value.

Question 5

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Derreck believes that every person should keep his or her word.

Which of the following actions is inconsistent with his belief?

• Derreck had promised his wife a trip to Hawaii for their anniversary, so he puts aside money every month to make it happen.
• Derreck had promised his daughter a puppy if she got straight As, but he makes up a new condition after the fact so he doesn’t have to fulfill the promise.
• Derreck had promised his friends he would be their designated driver, so he goes out with them and does not drink.
• Derreck had promised his boss that a project would be done by the weekend, so he stays late on Friday to make sure everything is complete.

Question 4

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“Giving away excess wealth is obligatory because it brings about a greater good for all of society.”

To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing?

• Conventionalism
• Divine command theory
• Utilitarianism
• Virtue-based ethics

Question 3

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“Abortion is morally wrong because it is murder, and murder is forbidden in the Bible.”

To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing?

• Divine command theory
• Conventionalism
• Virtue-based ethics
• Kantian deontology

Question 2

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In a famous story, Robin Hood robbed rich travelers and gave the money he acquired to the poor. Robin Hood is usually seen as a good, if not noble, person.

How would a deontologist evaluate Robin Hood’s action?

• It is not ethical because Robin Hood was an arrogant coward who stole from innocent people.
• It is not ethical because stealing is always wrong, no matter the circumstances.
• It is ethical because the rich had more than enough money, and the poor did not have enough.
• It is ethical because Robin Hood made more people happy than he made unhappy.

Question 1

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“I always say everyone shouldn’t be afraid to try new things. On a recent trip to Spain, I ate all my meals at my favorite place— McDonald’s.”

Which of the following sources of bias is apparent in this quotation?

• Self-interest
• Upbringing
• Familiarity
• Religion