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Discussion 2

Nurse practitioners are drawn to the nurse practitioner profession for a variety of reasons, including diverse populations, autonomy, and advanced clinical practice. However, when children are included in the patient mix, the draw becomes irresistible for many. To give the best care to their young patients, pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs) employ critical thinking skills and build multidisciplinary relationships. This job exemplifies the personable, collegial, and collaborative approach that characterizes NP practice in general, but nowhere is diagnostic expertise and competency in clinician/patient contact more important than in the pediatric setting. Pediatric care encompasses newborns, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults across a broad spectrum. Because these patients are unable to fully express their concerns, pain, or disability, they rely on perceptive and highly skilled practitioners to assess their needs and allay their fears (Samuels, 2017).

An infection of the nose, sinuses, or throat is known as an upper respiratory infection, or URI. Coughs, sneezes, and direct touch are all ways for URIs to spread. The most prevalent type of URI is the common cold. Other URIs include the flu and sinus infections. Antibiotics will not treat almost all URIs since they are caused by viruses. However, there are things you can do at home to help your child improve. The child should feel better in 4 to 10 days if he or she has a URI. For fever, discomfort, or fussiness, give your kid acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin). Squirt a few saline (saltwater) nasal drops into each nostril if your youngster is having trouble breathing due to a stuffy nose. Have your youngster blow his or her nose if he or she is older. Place a humidifier near your child’s bed or near him or her. This may make breathing simpler for your youngster. Clean the machine according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Keep your youngster away from the cigarette smoke. Do not smoke around your kid or in your home, and do not allow anybody else to smoke (Biezen, 2017).

Withholding causes rectum and lower colon stretching, as well as stool retention. The longer the feces stay in the rectum, the more water is eliminated, and the stool grows tougher, till impaction occurs. Around this clump of impacted feces, involuntary overflow soiling develops ( Rowan-legg, 2017). The anticipatory guidance for a 4-year-old with stool withholding and constipation would include to educate the patient on the signs of stool withholding which include squatting, rocking, stiff walking on tiptoes, crossing their legs or sitting with heels pressed against the perineum.

Headache is the most prevalent referral to neurology offices among children and adolescents, with migraine being one of the top five disorders of childhood. However, it is commonly overlooked as a serious issue by parents, teachers, and primary care professionals, resulting in missed school days and harmed social connections. Clinicians must take a careful and systematic approach to evaluating headaches in this group since accurate diagnosis and therapy can result in better outcomes and quality of life (Kacperski, 2016). Anticipatory guidance would include resting in a quiet, dark room, use a cold pack to ease the pain, have the child lie down. Inform the school about the child’s headache so they are aware and can provide management. Try to identify what triggers the headache to try and prevent them.

Dysmenorrhea, or menstrual pain, is a frequent problem among teenagers. Dysmenorrhea affects 45 percent to 93 percent of women of reproductive age, with teenagers experiencing the greatest incidence. An estimated 15% of teenage females report significant pain, which has a negative influence on their quality of life. Per menstrual cycle, these teenagers may miss one to three days of school. Dysmenorrhea has been linked to decreased academic performance and poor sleep quality, as well as psychological disturbances such as anxiety and depression, according to studies. NSAIDs should be started one to two days before menstruation begins and maintained for two to three days. COX-2 inhibitors have been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for dysmenorrhea, but they’ve been connected to heart problems, so they’re no longer indicated (Lacovides, 2016). The first step in managing painful periods is to think about what adjustments you can do to prevent or lessen discomfort, such as: Consume nutritious, wholesome foods such as fruits, vegetables, protein, and complex carbohydrates (such as whole wheat breads and grains). Stop or reduce your intake of fast meals and sugary beverages (such as soda, juices, energy drinks and sweet teas). Every day, exercise for at least 60 minutes. This is the objective. Sleep for at least 8 hours each night and catch up as required. Learn how to relax and how to deal with stress.

Reference

Biezen, R., Brijnath, B., Grando, D., & Mazza, D. (2017). Management of respiratory tract infections in young children-A qualitative study of primary care providers’ perspectives. NPJ primary care respiratory medicine, 27(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41533-017-0018-x (Links to an external site.)

Kacperski, J., Kabbouche, M. A., O’Brien, H. L., & Weberding, J. L. (2016). The optimal management of headaches in children and adolescents. Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders, 9(1), 53–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/1756285615616586 (Links to an external site.)

Lacovides. (2016). Dysmenorrhea and Endometriosis in the Adolescent. ACOG. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/co…

Rowan-Legg, A., & Canadian Paediatric Society, Community Paediatrics Committee (2017). Managing functional constipation in children. Paediatrics & child health, 16(10), 661–670.

Samuels, C., Harris, T., Gonzales, T., & Mosquera, R. A. (2017). The Case for the Use of Nurse Practitioners in the Care of Children with Medical Complexity. Children, 4(4), 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/children4040024

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