Using the nursing theory Florence Nightingale Environmental Theory of Nursing which consists of …….., identify an area of interest in nursing, locate examples of the theory’s application and utilization in practice. Additionally, opportunities for enhancement of existing nursing environments by utilization of theory application will be addressed.

The paper should be no more than 10 typewritten pages, using appropriate APA format.

Theory Usage and Application Paper –

You will describe a nursing theory and its application to nursing practice. This paper should be no more than 10 pages long. It should coincide with the theory presentation that you have submitted( Florence Nightingale Environmental Theory of Nursing ). The focus of this paper is on the application of theory to nursing practice. A brief description of the components of the theory should be presented in this paper, however, since this should be done in your presentation the focus here will be on application. The proposed guidelines are based on Chinn and Kramer (2004).

Criteria 

APA format please use resources within the last 5 years 

Components of the theory 

• Major concepts of theory

• Philosophical basis/underpinnings; worldview

• Conceptual model (if available)

Structural aspects of the theory (including but not limited to) 

• Assumptions, theorems, propositions, etc.

• relations of concepts and assumptions

• clarity, simplicity, and ease of application of theory

• consistency and adequacy of theory

Use of theory in: 

• nursing practice

• nursing education

• nursing administration

• nursing research

A literature review will provide the basis for this section

Identify an area of your practice where this theory could be applicable. 

• The area may be used to theory test, theory generate, etc.

• What is the question that the theory will help to answer?

• Describe the area of interest in relation to the theory/theoretical model. Why or how is it appropriate to use this theory.

• Discuss the use of theory in pursuing this area of interest. What are the steps /methods that you might use?

• Are there weaknesses in this theory that make it difficult to use in real situations? If so, what are they?

Evaluation of theory – your thoughts about the theory

• How “user friendly” is the theory?

• What are some of the difficulties you encountered or would you anticipate you might encounter in trying to use this theory.

• What would make this theory more usable or applicable to practice, and why?

ALL QUESTIONS MUST BE ANSWERED

 Chapter 10 Discussion – Economics and Politics

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Chapter 10: Economics and Politics

Karl Marx and Max Weber rocked the economic world with their ideas on class and economics.

Marx:

To understand Marx a historical background is needed.

Karl Marx (1818-1883) wrote midst the Industrial Revolution of the nineteenth century. Until the mid-1800s, people had limited sources of employment. Most people worked in farming, ranching, or mining. A few were lucky enough to work at nonlabor jobs that supported the laborers. With the advent of the factory work suddenly there was a flood of ready-made goods (like clothing and canned foods) that lead to consumerism. People readily purchased products that they would have made or grown before the Industrial Revolution.

Marx witnessed the rapidly changing world of industry which evolved as a result of the new consumerist mindset. He believed that the Industrial Revolution lead to a great class divide. Marx also thought that the world was divided into only two statuses. He stated that a person’s status is directly correlated with their relationship to means of production. Either you own some form of property that produces capital (profit), or you own your own labor. He used terms culled from the French Revolution to describe these two classes. The Bourgeoisie (French for town dwellers), also known as the “Haves,” own the capital. The Proletariats (peasants) sell their labor to the Bourgeoisie.

During Marx’s time, the Industrial Baron Haves (those who were the most fiscally successful of the Bourgeoisie) were earning $20 million a year while workers on average earned $500.00 a year. That meant owners made 40,000 times as much as their workers. Also, the workers averaged 60-70 hour work weeks. Until nearly a hundred years later, there were no minimum wage laws (the first minimum wage was 25 cents per hour!). Workers did not have any benefits. Employee health insurance, overtime pay, and sick days did not exist. Such benefits for workers were not known until the mid- 1940’s.

Working conditions were considerably different than what we have today. There were no human resource departments. Workplace safety rules did not exist. Serious workplace injuries were commonplace. Employees and their families did not have the right to sue nor could they file complaints about unsafe working conditions. Workers were routinely mutilated by machinery and workplace deaths were common. After an employee was rendered disabled, the management would send an apology letter. No benefits would be given to the employee or their family.

There were also no child labor laws. Often children younger than ten years old worked in factories, sweatshops, and coal mines. Literally, millions of children worked in jobs that would often destroy their health and render them disabled for life.

Based on this world view, Marx developed his socioeconomic theory.

Marx’s Major Points:

1. Injustice (two sets of rules for the social classes) for and exploitation of the Proletariats for cheap labor. He believed that Proletariats were not valued as individuals, but seen as replaceable sources of labor.
2. Status symbols (items of little real value but are deemed socially desirable ex: designer label clothing) are seen by Marx as an escape from everyday troubles.
3. “Having” things is equated to being of important status. The Bourgeoisie “sell” the Proletariats the status symbols. Therefore, they ensure even more profit for the Haves.
4. Irrational belief in one’s status equals false consciousness of status.
5. Professionals who receive salaries will eventually become hourly workers. Once they enter the hourly rate, he believed that they would see a decrease in income. This decrease in salary would further the profit of their employers.
6. Capitalist economies (an economic system, based on competition, in which most wealth is privately owned) often cause bitter sentiments between the economic classes. This division will grow wider leading eventually to an economic revolution. The Proletariats will unite and seize the wealth from the Bourgeoisie.

Weber:

Max Weber (1864-1920) didn’t totally disagree with Marx. However, Weber saw social status as a more complex issue. He believed that cultural influences, as well as, means of production, are important to overall social status.

Weber basically refines and extends Marx’s ideas. Weber’s model includes three elements that determine one’s social class. He stated that one’s status is a composite of the following three factors: class, status, and power. Class is the relationship to means of production (much like Marx stated). Status is social prestige. This references the social honor and respect that is given to the individual receives from society. Power is the ability to influence others with one’s society.

Weber saw the world as a more dimensional place than did Marx. Each stratum of the culture is seen as having a multitude of contributing factors that determine one’s status.

For example: Mother Teresa, a nun who had taken the vow of poverty (meaning she received no wages and owned virtually no possessions), was assigned to head a convent in India. She made it part of the convent mission that those that were HIV positive or had AIDS would be taken in, nursed, and be given compassion and love. This was during the time in which little was known about how AIDS was contracted, there were no effective treatments, and there was worldwide paranoia about AIDS. After word spread about the work of her convent (and, the work of others including Princess Diana), the world began to reevaluate the way AIDS patients were treated.

According to Marx, Mother Teresa was a have-not. She owned no capital, so she was, therefore, a proletariat.

According to Weber, she had a high social status because she received social honor and was able to influence others.

Discussion Question: Although there are several ways that cultures rank people (examples: royalty family lineage, sex, religion, etc.), it is argued that in the United States we are primarily ranked on the amount of wealth we own. Is this true? Or, does Weber make a strong point that there are other factors in play when people rank one another?

Discussions play an integral role in monitoring your course participation throughout the term. You should check back to the weekly discussions multiple times throughout the week to engage in the discussion with your professor and peers. Participation is only counted during the week in which this discussion is assigned. Be sure to appropriately cite any sources you use to support your responses with standard APA citations. Answer the prompt question(s) thoroughly using a minimum of 150-200 words and respond to as many of your peers as possible – note that responses to 2 of your peers are required for full credit. Be sure to answer any additional questions asked by your professor in the discussion threads. Your initial post is due by Day 3 of the current week, and follow up posts to your peers are due on Day 7!

The following post is from another student. Please react adding other extra imformation relate to the post.

Short answer

Less than 10 % similarity

References APA

Safe staffing can involve life and passing and accomplishing the privilege staffing levels requires attendants and the executives cooperating. Including extra Registered Nurse (RN) hours to unit staffing has been appeared to lessen the overall danger of unfriendly patient occasions. Staffing influences the capacity of all nurses to convey protected, quality consideration in all training settings. By dispensing with hazardous medical nurse staffing practices and arrangements, we can give better medical services to all (American Nurse Association,2015).

Distinguishing and keeping up the proper number and blend of nursing staff is basic to the conveyance of value understanding consideration. The three general approaches recommended by the American Nurses Association are: The first is to expect emergency clinics to have nurture driven staffing panels that make staffing plans that are intelligent of the necessities of the patient populace, and match the abilities and experience of the staff. The subsequent methodology is for administrators to order explicit attendant to tolerant proportions in enactment or guideline. A third methodology is expecting offices to uncover staffing levels to the general population or potentially to an administrative body (ANA,2015). Nurses are at the front line of our medical care framework. By perceiving the genuine effect of nursing, we can lead the change that will both location the medical attendant staffing emergency and improve medical care for everybody

Nurses staffing choices depend on the number and needs of the individual medical care purchaser, families, gatherings, networks, and populaces served. In any way to deal with deciding suitable attendant staffing levels, thought must be given to the components influencing care at the degree of the individual work on setting. At the point when nurses are needed to work with a high number of patients a wide range of situations may occur. In the short run the overburdened medical caretaker may get fatigued. This can prompt distortion of guidelines, botches with medication, and patients being bamboozled on care. Too hardly any nurses and an excessive number of patients can burden your staff past the standard, and you will see an expansion in falls, a higher pace of contamination, and slip-ups with respect to the attendant. Wounds and even passing are real aftermath because of short staffing (Massari,2018). Mandated ratios have not been demonstrated to help make noteworthy enhancements in tolerant security results. The American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE) and the American Nurses Association (ANA) both do not support mandated staffing ratios (Tevigton,2016).

References

American Nurse Association. (2015). Nurse staffing. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/nurse-staffing/

Massari, L. (2018). The challenges of nursing: Short staffing. Retrieved from https://www.bosmedicalstaffing.com/2018/08/15/the-challenges-of-nursing-short-staffing/

Tevigton. (2016). Studies show that mandatory nurse ratios are not the answer. Retrieved from https://www.mnhospitals.org/Portals/0/Documents/policy-advocacy/nursestaffing/130219%20DCHA