Engineering Homework Help

I’m working on a chemical engineering writing question and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.

(XPS, Auger, SIMS) surface techniques are available to characterize the surface of the transducer material in the biosensor to figure out whether the probe (bio-recognition element) is attached properly onto the surface. Choose one of these techniques and discuss the principles of the technique and the information obtained on the surface (5 points possible). Next, look up a specific literature example involving this technique and discuss how the technique was used to characterize the surface mentioned in the example. (5 points possible)