Physiology homework help

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Physiology homework help. Part A:  Matching
Match the descriptions in Column A with the correct terms in Column B.  Terms in column B may be used 1 time only; not all terms will be used.  Format your work by making a numbered list with the letter for the correct answer next to each number (see example below).  Do NOT submit descriptions from column A or terms from column B.
 
FORMAT EXAMPLE:

  1. A
  2. B

Etc.
 

   Column A:  Descriptions
 
__Q_1. Lower chamber of the heart which pumps blood low in oxygen
 
__C__2. The body’s largest artery carries blood away from this chamber of the heart
 
__E__3.  5.0 – 5.5 liters per minute when a healthy adult is at rest
 
__G__4. This type of vessel carries blood toward the heart
 
__V__5. The endocardium, which lines the chambers of the heart, is made of this type of tissue
 
__A__6.  The connective tissue case that surrounds the heart
 
__J___7. This can be palpated on the radial artery at the wrist
 
__F___8. This type of vessel contain smooth muscle tissue which controls blood flow to organs by undergoing vasoconstriction & vasodilation
 
__H___9. Nutrient and waste exchange occurs across these vessels;  walls of these vessels are 1 cell thick
 
___T__10.  Coagulation is a part of this process to reduce blood loss from vessels with damaged walls
 
___D__11. In a healthy adult at rest, this is about 70-75 beats per minute
 
__L___12. Flow of blood from the right side of heart, through the lungs, and back to the left side of the heart
 
__S___13. This part of the nervous system causes an decrease in heart rate while relaxing
 
__N___14. The first heart sound is made shortly after these structures close
 
__W___15. The LAST portion of the conduction system of the heart;  it conducts impulses directly to cardiac muscle tissue in the ventricle walls		 Column B:  Terms
 
A. pericardial sac
B.  right atrium
C. left ventricle
D. heart rate
E. cardiac output
F. arteries
G. veins
H. capillaries
I. sinoatrial node
J.  pulse
K.  left atrium
L. pulmonary circuit
M. semilunar valves
N. atrioventricular valves
O. atrioventricular node
P.  systemic circuit
Q. right ventricle
R.  stroke volume
S.  parasympathetic
T. hemostasis
U.  sympathetic
V.  epithelial tissue
W. Purkinje fibers
X. connective tissue
Y. semilunar valves
Z. cardiac muscle tissue

 
Part B:  Fill-in-the-Blank Statements

  • Fill in the blanks in the statements below.  Statements relate to the heart and vessels in health and disease.  Topics for each set of statements have been provided.
  • Use Ch. 11 of the textbook and at least 1 reliable website to find answers to fill-in-the-blanks.
  • Note that key words in each statement have been highlighted in bold.
  • Answers must be specific.  Note that the number of words required for each answer is indicated by the number of blanks provided.  Example:  for the statement “Arteries contain _______   ______ tissue which regulates blood flow through them.”   The answer is “smooth muscle”, not “muscle”.
  • Do not abbreviate any answers.  Abbreviations will not receive credit.
  • Answers must be spelled correctly to receive credit.
  • Each answer is worth 1 point.  The total number of points possible is 20 points.  Thus, it is possible to earn 5 extra credit points on this part.
  • Format your work as follows:  list the item numbers in order and place the correct answer beside each number.  Please do NOT submit the statements.

 
FORMAT EXAMPLE:

  1. answer
  2. answer

Etc.
 
Fill-in-the-blank Statements
 
TOPIC:  Myocardial infarction
 

  1. Heart disease is the most common cause of death in the U.S. In certain people, plaques of cholesterol, fat, and calcium accumulate within the walls of their arteries – this is a disease called _____ Atherosclerosis __________.

 

  1. When plaque accumulates in a coronary artery, blood flow to the myocardium, which is made of _____ Muscle ____  __Tissue_______   tissue, is reduced or completely blocked.

 

  1. When blood flow to this tissue stops, cells experience hypoxia, which means cells are not receiving enough ____Oxygen____. Cells will die if blood flow is not restored.

 
 
TOPIC:  Blood pressure
 

  1. Arterial blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the internal walls of arteries. Blood pressure measurement consists of two numbers; for example, blood pressure in a healthy adult is written as 120/80.  The first number is called ____Systolic______ pressure – it is the force of blood against artery walls when the ventricles are contracting and ejecting blood.

 

  1. The second number is called ____Diastolic______ pressure – it is the force of blood against artery walls when the ventricles are relaxed.

 

  1. Sally is a patient who has been to her physician several times recently to have her blood pressure checked. When Sally is resting, her blood pressure is 140/100 mm Hg.  Sally’s physician diagnosed her with _____Hypertension______, also known as high blood pressure (HBP).

 

  1. About 1 in 3 adults in the United States has HBP. A person can have this disease for years without experiencing any signs or symptoms, thus HBP is often called the “____Silent_______” killer.

 
TOPIC:  Heart valves
 

  1. Blood flows through the heart in one direction due to the presence of valves. The 2 atrioventricular (AV) valves close when the ventricles contract, thus preventing backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria.  The right AV valve is also known as the _____Tricuspid________ valve.

 

  1. The left AV valve is also known as the _____Bicuspid_____ or mitral valve.

 

  1. The 2 semilunar valves close when the ventricles relax.  The right semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the ____ Pulmonary ______   ____ Trunk_____ (vessel) into the right ventricle.

 

  1. The left semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the __ Aorta______ (vessel) into the left ventricle.

 

  1. If a heart valve becomes diseased and fails to close completely, backflow of blood through the faulty valve causes a swishing sound called a _____ Murmur_____ , which can be heard with a stethoscope.

 
TOPIC:  Conduction system of the heart
 

  1. The conduction system of the heart consists of several structures in the heart which generate and conduct electrical impulses to cardiac muscle cells.  The first part of the conduction system is the _____ Sinoatrial________   node – this part sets the rhythm of the heart beating and is referred to as the “pacemaker”.

 

  1. The second part of the conduction system is called the _____ Atrioventricular_______ node; it sends impulses to the remaining parts of the conduction system and then to muscle tissue in the walls of the ventricles.

 

  1. Electrodes placed on the wall of the chest detect and measure the electrical activity of the heart and produce a graph of waves representing electrical changes (depolarization and repolarization) of the myocardium.  This graph is called a(n) ______ Electrocardiogram________.

 
TOPIC:  Veins
 

  1. Blood flows in one direction through veins due to the presence of flap-like structures called _____ Valves_____.

 

  1. Veins carry blood under low pressure toward the heart.  Blood can pool in superficial veins, especially those of the legs, causing them to enlarge, bulge outward, and become visible through the skin; this disease is called ____ Varicose_____ veins.

 

  1. Deoxygenated systemic blood is received by the right side of the heart, which pumps blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide. There are 3 veins which deliver blood to the right atrium.  The ____ Superior ____   ____ Vena _____   ___ Cava _____ (vessel) carries blood received from veins draining parts of the body located above the heart to the right atrium.

 

  1. The ____ Inferior ____  ___ Vena ______   ____ Cava ____ (vessel) carries blood received from veins draining parts of the body located  below the heart to the right atrium.

 

  1. The ___ Coronary ______ ____ Sinus ____ is a vein located in the posterior atrioventricular sulcus; it receives blood from the cardiac veins of the heart and empties into the right atrium.

 
 
REFERENCE CITATION LIST for Part B:  Include the textbook and at least 1 reliable website.  Write citations in APA format.  Failure to provide a Reference Citation list for Part B results in no credit for Part B (-15 points).  Failure format citations properly will result in a -5 point deduction.  
 
 
 
Reference List
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). (2019, February 27). Retrieved February 13, 2020, from
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ekg/about/pac-20384983
Marieb, E. (2015).  Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology.  11th ed. Pearson Publishing. (pp. 361,
363, 365, 374-376)
Myocarditis. (n.d.). Retrieved February 13, 2020, from https://www.texasheart.org/heart-health/heart
information-center/topics/myocarditis/
Tucker, W. D., & Burns, B. (2018, December 9). Anatomy, Thorax, Heart Pulmonary Arteries. Retrieved
February 13, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534812/
 

Physiology homework help